 DistroWatch Weekly |
| DistroWatch Weekly, Issue 768, 18 June 2018 |
|
Welcome to this year's 25th issue of DistroWatch Weekly!
A few years back the Debian project held a debate on the subject of which init software would best serve the distribution and its users. The Debian team ultimately decided to migrate from SysV init to systemd. Some developers, unhappy with the change, created a fork of Debian called Devuan and the young Devuan project released its second stable version just over a week ago. The new version, which carries the code name "ASCII", is the subject of our first review this week. In our Opinion Poll we ask which of the many init implementations for Linux and BSD is your favourite. Our second review column this week covers a cross-platform software build tool called pkgsrc, which offers users a way to build source packages on multiple operating systems. We provide an overview of pkgsrc, how to install it and how to use it in our Software Review. In our News second we talk about Red Hat Enterprise Linux being used on the world's fastest super computer and openSUSE providing support for a range of ARM-powered computers. Plus we talk about a new filesystem for Linux called NOVA and a new method for handling cron output on OpenBSD. We then share the releases of the past week and list the torrents we are seeding. We wish you all a wonderful week and happy reading!
Content:
- Review: Devuan GNU+Linux 2.0.0 "ASCII"
- News: The world's fastest super computer runs Red Hat, openSUSE's supported ARM devices, new NOVA filesystem coming to Linux, OpenBSD offers better handling of cron output
- Software review: Building packages with pkgsrc
- Released last week: deepin 15.6, NethServer 7.5, UCS 4.3-1
- Torrent corner: Berry, deepin, NethServer, Parabola, Plamo, Robolinux, Sparky, Univention, Untangle, Zeroshell
- Opinion poll: Preferred init software
- Reader comments
|
| Feature Story (by Jesse Smith) |
Devuan GNU+Linux 2.0.0 "ASCII"
A few years ago, when the Debian project opted to switch from using SysV init software to the more modern systemd alternative, the Devuan project was formed to provide a Debian-like operating system which continued to use SysV init. It took about two years for the Devuan project to get all of its infrastructure in place and release its first stable release, but the developers generally managed to deliver on their goal to provide a fork of Debian than was (by default) free of the systemd software.
The Devuan team has recently published their second stable release, codename ASCII. Devuan 2.0.0 is approximately equivalent to Debian 9 Stretch in the packages and technology it provides. Though, as before, systemd has been stripped from Devuan and SysV init is available in its place. The release announcement mentions the OpenRC service manager is also available as an alternative to systemd at install time.
Devuan 2.0.0 runs on 32-bit and 64-bit x86 processors and there are also a handful of builds for ARM-powered computers like the Raspberry Pi. I decided to try the 64-bit option and found it is available in multiple flavours, including a live disc, an install disc and a minimal disc. I downloaded a live disc that was 1GB in size and featured the Xfce desktop environment.
Booting from the live disc brings up a menu asking if we would like to start the live desktop environment, load the operating system into RAM and then launch the desktop or boot with failsafe options. Whichever option we choose, the system quickly loads from the disc and displays the Xfce desktop.
The live desktop session features a theme and wallpaper which combines grey and purple to produce a visually uninteresting first impression. There is a panel housing the application menu, task switcher and system tray at the top of the screen. At the bottom of the display we find a dock with some quick-launch icons for the file manager, web browser and virtual terminal. On the desktop are icons for opening the file manager, reading the distribution's release notes, launching the installer and changing the desktop font sizes. I really like the ability to increase or decrease font sizes with a click as it is a feature that often takes digging through multiple configuration screens. Unfortunately, the text labels under the desktop icons do not handle being resized well. When we first start using Devuan, the text under the icons reads "Small", "Large" and "_Release Notes". Increasing the size one notch makes the text read "SM", "LA" and "_RE".
Devuan GNU+Linux 2.0.0 -- Reading the release notes
(full image size: 104kB, resolution: 1280x1024 pixels)
The release notes are relatively brief, but provide information on such topics as non-free firmware (it is included for wireless support) and default repositories (non-free and contrib repositories are disabled). Default account usernames and passwords are also mentioned. While brief, the documentation gives us a good idea of what we will be starting with if we install Devuan.
Installing
Devuan has its own system installer. While there is a text-based version available, launching the installer from the live desktop opens a graphical installer. I believe it is worth covering the installer's many steps because it is almost certainly the longer installation process I have gone through to date.
First, we are asked for the root password, which is available in the release notes file. Then we are shown a screen warning us the installer's windows may not fit on small screens (or display properly in a virtual machine) and, in that case, we should use the text installer. Then I was warned that the grub-pc package was missing and might need to be installed manually, though the reason for this was unclear. We are then shown a long list of file system options, such as placing /home on a separate partition, using encryption and whether to use UUIDs in place of traditional device names in the system's fstab file. It is important to read through the entire list and toggle the right options because this will affect future options we will be shown and determine how the installer sets up our operating system. After that, we are asked to manually set up partitions using the GParted desktop software or the cfdisk text console partition manager. Then we are asked which partition should be used for the root file system and, in my case, which device will host the /home partition. Devuan supports working with just the ext2/3/4 file systems.
Next, we move onto selecting our time zone from a list. We are asked which language locales should be set up, with options being pulled from a cryptic list with entries like "en_US.UTF-8". We then select our keyboard layout from a similar set of lists. The installer then switches over to a terminal to ask if it should proceed with formatting our hard drive. Files are copied to our drive and then I was asked an unusual question. I was shown a screen with three options, with the first being to copy files to a /target directory and install the GRUB boot loader packages. The second was to open a chroot environment to perform custom actions. The third was to "continue" without installing a boot loader. I took the "copy files" option, half expecting it to fail since I'd been warned the grub-pc package was missing, but the installer accepted my choice and moved on.
We are then shown a screen asking us to create a user account. The account can be given sudo access, with additional options to "use sudo by default" and to "use sudo for shutdown only". These options don't have a clear explanation, but I think the last one implies any user with sudo access can shutdown the computer. The following screens get us to create a password for ourselves and the root account and then the installer disappears, apparently finished.
Early impressions
Honestly, after the long install process with odd file system, GRUB and user configuration options, I did not have high hopes that Devuan would boot the first time I went through the installation, but it did. The operating system booted and presented me with a graphical login screen where I could sign into the Xfce 4.12 desktop.
Devuan GNU+Linux 2.0.0 -- The application menu
(full image size: 93kB, resolution: 1280x1024 pixels)
The desktop was uncluttered, there were virtually no pop-ups, no welcome screen and no distractions. Xfce was pleasantly responsive. At first I wasn't a fan of the dock at the bottom of the screen taking up real estate, but I grew to appreciate having quick access to programs I was using on a regular basis.
Hardware
A fresh install of Devuan took up about 3.6GB of disk space and logging into the Xfce desktop required 215MB of RAM. The distribution worked well with my desktop computer's hardware. The system booted quickly, the desktop was responsive and audio was set to a reasonable level. Videos played smoothly and I found Devuan to be stable on my desktop's hardware. My only complaint was that Devuan did not recognize or respond to my keyboard's media keys, such as the volume-up and volume-down controls.
I found Devuan did not integrate into its VirtualBox environment and could not make use of my computer's full screen resolution while running as a guest. Further complicating things, I could not find VirtualBox modules in the distribution's repositories. I was able to install the build-essential package and then build VirtualBox's generic guest modules. After that, I was able to increase Devuan's screen resolution.
Devuan GNU+Linux 2.0.0 -- Running Firefox and LibreOffice
(full image size: 231kB, resolution: 1280x1024 pixels)
Applications
Devuan ships with an unusual combination of popular open source applications and some less common programs. Popular items include Firefox, LibreOffice, the GNU Image Manipulation Program and the VLC media player. But then we are also given the lesser known Quod Libet music player, the Ex Falso media tag editor and the mutt terminal e-mail client. The Orage Calendar application, a PDF document viewer and printer manager are present too. The Thunar file manager is included along with a tool to rename groups of files and there is a process monitor. Devuan ships with the Wicd network manager to help us get on-line. In the background we find version 4.9 of the Linux kernel.
The operating system includes a handful of tools to adjust the look and behaviour of the Xfce desktop. Most of these worked very well for me and I was able to easily change the theme, fonts and window behaviour. Back when Devuan's release candidate came out, I tested the distribution and run into a problem with the utility which changes the desktop wallpaper. This program would lock-up and use 100% of my CPU, even after the window had been closed. The runaway process had to be killed manually through the task manager. I was pleased to find that problem had been fixed by the time the final Devuan 2.0.0 release was published. This was perhaps the only significant difference I encountered between testing the release candidate and the final release.
Earlier I mentioned Devuan did not work with my keyboard's media keys and I believe that goes hand-in-hand with another issue: Devuan does not have a volume control widget in the system tray. There is a PulseAudio control panel we can launch from the Xfce application menu, but by default there is no global volume control; each application is left to handle audio volume (or not) on its own.
Managing software
Software on Devuan can be handled through the Synaptic package manager or by using the APT command line tools. Synaptic is a fast and capable package manager which can install, remove and upgrade software. It can also perform simple searches and configure software repositories. Synaptic handles package installs and upgrades in batches rather than queuing actions in the background like most modern software centres. It also takes a package-oriented view of managing software rather than focusing on desktop software, the way mintInstall and GNOME Software do. I was happy to find Synaptic performed its actions quickly and without any problems.
Devuan GNU+Linux 2.0.0 -- Managing packages with Synaptic
(full image size: 183kB, resolution: 1280x1024 pixels)
Much of Devuan's software is over a year old at this point and some users may wish to get more up to date desktop software. One way to do this is by using Flatpak packages. While Flatpak support is not included in Devuan by default, the Flatpak framework can be installed from the repositories. This allows us to install and run Flatpak bundles. Projects which supply AppImage packages can also be accessed. Unfortunately Devuan users cannot make use of Snap packages due to that technology's reliance on systemd, which is excluded from Devuan.
Conclusions
When I am trying out a desktop distribution, what really tends to divide the field of Linux distributions in my mind is not whether the system uses MATE or Plasma, or whether the underlying package manager uses RPM or Deb files. What tends to leave a lasting impression with me is whether the desktop environment, its applications and controls feel like a cooperative, cohesive experience or like a jumble of individual tools that happen to be part of the same operating system. In my opinion Ubuntu running the Unity desktop and Linux Mint's Cinnamon desktop are good examples of the cohesive approach. The way openSUSE's administration tools work together provides another example. Like them or hate them, I think most people can see there is an overall design, a unifying vision, being explored with those distributions. I believe Devuan falls into the other category, presenting the user with a collection of utilities and features where some assembly is still required.
This comes across in little ways. For example, many distributions ship Mozilla's Firefox web browser and the Thunderbird e-mail client together as a set, and they generally complement each other. Devuan ships Firefox, but then its counterpart is the mutt console e-mail program which feels entirely out of place with the rest of the desktop software. The PulseAudio sound mixing utility is included, but its system tray companion is not present by default. Even the system installer, which switches back and forth between graphical windows and a text console, feels more like a collection of uncoordinated prompts rather than a unified program or script. Some people may like the mix-and-match approach, but I tend to prefer distributions where it feels like the parts are fitted together to create a unified experience.
Devuan GNU+Linux 2.0.0 -- Running the Falkon browser using Flatpak
(full image size: 352kB, resolution: 1280x1024 pixels)
What I found was that Devuan provided an experience where I had to stop and think about where items were or how I was going to use them rather than having the pieces seamlessly fit together. However, once I got the system set up in a way that was more to my liking, I appreciated the experience provided. Devuan offers a stable, flexible platform. Once I shaped the operating system a little, I found it to be fast, light and capable. Having a fairly large repository of software available along with Flatpak support provided a solid collection of applications on a conservative operating system foundation. It was a combination I liked.
In short, I think Devuan has some rough edges and setting it up was an unusually long and complex experience by Linux standards. I certainly wouldn't recommend Devuan to newcomers. However, a day or two into the experience, Devuan's stability and performance made it a worthwhile journey. I think Devuan may be a good alternative to people who like running Debian or other conservative distributions such as Slackware. I suspect I may soon be running Devuan's Raspberry Pi build on my home server where its lightweight nature will be welcome.
* * * * *
Hardware used in this review
My physical test equipment for this review was a desktop HP Pavilon p6 Series with the following specifications:
- Processor: Dual-core 2.8GHz AMD A4-3420 APU
- Storage: 500GB Hitachi hard drive
- Memory: 6GB of RAM
- Networking: Realtek RTL8111 wired network card
- Display: AMD Radeon HD 6410D video card
* * * * *
Visitor supplied rating
Devuan GNU+Linux has a visitor supplied average rating of: 9/10 from 249 review(s).
Have you used Devuan GNU+Linux? You can leave your own review of the project on our ratings page.
|
| Miscellaneous News (by Jesse Smith) |
The world's fastest super computer runs Red Hat, openSUSE's supported ARM devices, new NOVA filesystem coming to Linux, OpenBSD offers better handling of cron output
Several news sites have reported that the world has a new fastest super computer, capable of performing 200,000 trillion calculations per second (200 petaflops). The new super computer, named Summit, was built by IBM and uses a combination of Power9 processors and NVIDIA graphics cards. The computer's operating system: Red Hat Enterprise Linux. Network World reports: "If you knew that the top ten fastest supercomputers in the world today all run a variant of Linux, Red Hat's role in Summit might not be such a surprise. But don't stop there. The benefit to users of having a familiar OS (many national labs and research centers run Red Hat Enterprise Linux on their systems) makes Summit approachable in a way that older supercomputers have generally not been. The requirements for flexibility and scalability required for IT operations are considerably more important when it comes to supercomputing with its highly specialized components. Red Hat Enterprise Linux provides stability, support, and its open nature."
* * * * *
At the end of May the openSUSE team released version 15 of their distribution. The openSUSE distribution not only runs on laptops, workstations and servers, it is now also available on a wide range of ARM single board computers. Douglas DeMaio writes: "The release of openSUSE Leap 15 two weeks ago is following up with its Build to Scale theme by offering images for Raspberry Pis, Beagle Boards, Arndale board, CuBox-i computers, OLinuXino and more. openSUSE has plenty of supported ARM boards to allow makers to simply create. openSUSE is providing makers the tools to start, run and grow a project on micro devices to large hardware. The new, fresh and hardened code base that supports modern hardware is stable and offers a full scope of deployments. Makers can leverage openSUSE Leap 15 images for aarch64 and ARMv7 on Internet of Things (IoT) and embedded devices. Since openSUSE Leap 15 shares a common core with SUSE Linux Enterprise (SLE) 15 sources, makers who find success with a project or device can more comfortably transition to an enterprise product in the future should certifications become a requirement." A list of supported ARM-powered computers can be found in openSUSE's wiki.
* * * * *
Linux Journal ran an article this past week on a new filesystem for Linux called NOVA (NOn-Volatile memory Accelerated). One of the selling points of NOVA is its ability to run in non-volatile RAM, memory which can be used across reboots. NOVA is also a log-based filesystem which offers some interesting benefits: "One of NOVA's main claims to fame, aside from supporting non-volatile RAM, is that it is a log-based filesystem. Other filesystems generally map out their data structures on disk and update those structures in place. This is good for saving seek-time on optical and magnetic disks. Log-based filesystems write everything sequentially, trailing old data behind them. The old data then can be treated as a snapshot of earlier states of the filesystem, or it can be reclaimed when space gets tight." More on NOVA and its current status can be found in the Linux Journal article.
* * * * *
System administrators have always faced a challenge when it comes to dealing with scheduled tasks. Specifically, each task that runs likely generates output which is e-mailed to the administrator. Most of the messages will be simple confirmations that everything went according to plan, but sometimes the output will indicate something went wrong. It is not a good idea to discard all of the messages and it can be cumbersome to set up filters to deal with the torrent of e-mails. Job Snijders has published a patch for OpenBSD's implementation of cron which allows the administrator to discard all output in cases where jobs complete successfully, but also be e-mailed a command's complete output if the job fails. "To improve the situation I propose to add a simple crontab(5) convenience option called '-n' (mnemonic 'No mail if run successful'). Note that options already are a thing in vixie cron ('-q' has existed for decades?), but are not part of POSIX. With this 'no mail if success' option you can do things like:
* * * * * -n cp -rv src/ dest/
With the above example crontab(5) entry you'll only receive a mail from cron(8) if the cp(1) encountered some kind of error. You'll also have in that e-mail up until what point cp(1) actually was able to copy files." The NetBSD team has already adopted the new cron feature.
* * * * *
These and other news stories can be found on our Headlines page.
|
| Software Review (by Jesse Smith) |
|
Building packages with pkgsrc
The pkgsrc framework is an interesting, cross-platform approach to managing software. The pkgsrc project creates a framework for compiling software on a range of operating systems, allowing users to use the same framework and tools on a variety of operating systems. Or, as the pkgsrc website states:
pkgsrc is a framework for building third-party software on NetBSD and other UNIX-like systems, currently containing over 17,000 packages. It is used to enable freely available software to be configured and built easily on supported platforms.
Using pkgsrc, we can compile open source software on just about any flavour of UNIX-like operating system and have it build and run the same way on each system. The pkgsrc framework has been tested and works on Illumos flavours, macOS, Linux, NetBSD and MINIX. The pkgsrc framework automatically downloads and manages dependencies for us. This takes a lot of the work out of getting up to date software running on a variety of operating systems.
Installing
According to the pkgsrc website, setting up the ports framework should be a straight forward process. We need to run a CVS command to download the framework, change into a directory in the framework and run a command to set up (bootstrap) the framework to work on our system. In theory, this should be accomplished with three commands we can copy and paste from the pkgsrc website:
cvs -danoncvs@anoncvs.netbsd.org:/cvsroot checkout pkgsrc
cd pkgsrc/bootstrap
./bootstrap
The first issue I ran into while setting up pkgsrc was that my distribution (and in fact, I think most Linux distributions) no longer ship the CVS version control software by default. Luckily, most distributions still offer it as a package and I was able to install CVS on my MX Linux box by running "sudo apt install cvs".
The second problem I ran into was the space I had set aside for pkgsrc was not large enough. The pkgsrc framework alone takes up about 1.4GB of disk space. Then, after it has been through the bootstrap process and we have downloaded some source code and built a few packages, pkgsrc can easily take up 4-5GB of space.
Another hurdle I had to cross came about when I tried to run the bootstrap command. This failed, reporting that my echo command was not BSD compatible and that I should try using another shell. I switched from using bash to csh, as I typically use either csh or tcsh on FreeBSD and this seemed to work for a while. Trying to run bootstrap again failed and I was told I'd need to either run the script as the root user or run the script with the parameter "--unprivileged". I went with the latter option.
The bootstrap script went to work for a few minutes, but eventually failed with another error, reporting "unknown variable modifier". This seemed to be an issue with the shell I was running so I switched shells again, swapping out csh for ksh. Running the bootstrap process once more, from ksh, completed the bootstrap process. The script took approximately ten minutes to complete.
Building software
At this point we have a collection of software build recipes which are organized into a tree of directories. Each piece of software we can install is set up in its own directory inside a higher level category directory. This means we can jump into a directory like "net/nmap" or "multimedia/vlc" or other "category/program" pairing. Then the pkgsrc website says we can run "make install" to install the selected program.
At first this did not work, with any attempt at running the make command resulting in the error "missing separator". This is a semi-common problem with GNU's make program and, consulting the documentation (found in a README file in the pkgsrc directory) I learned pkgsrc requires that we use bmake instead of GNU's make. The bmake program can be found in a directory the bootstrap script sets up, called pkg. In my case this meant I could run /home/jesse/pkg/bin/bmake in order to start the build process. I feel it worth mentioning that I also tried using my distribution's own implementation of bmake, but it would not work. Using the version of bmake which ships with MX Linux to build pkgsrc's software always resulted in an error reporting circular dependencies had been detected. Running pkgsrc's bmake in the same directory would successfully resolve dependencies for the desired software.
Installing/Removing software
At this point I felt like everything was in place and I could get to work installing and working with the software pkgsrc provides. I could install new packages by switching into a program's directory and running /home/jesse/pkg/bin/bmake install and remove items by running /home/jesse/pkg/bin/bmake deinstall. Software installed this way would end up in my pkg directory. This meant it was not in my user's normal path and I could not simply type its name to have it run. But I could type the full path, like /home/jesse/pkg/bin/program. As you might suspect, I soon added this location to my path manually to cut down on my typing.
Comparison to other cross-platform software options
In the past, I have written overviews of other cross-platform package managers and approaches. I have talked about Nix as well as Flatpak, Snap and AppImage. Each approach has some pros and cons to it. Nix, for example, is fairly easy to set up and provides package version snapshots, allowing us to roll back broken updates. Flatpak works well across Linux distributions, but is awkward to use from the command line and appears to be focused on just providing desktop software. Snap is easy to use, but is set up to use just one repository by default and has trouble working on Linux systems that do not feature systemd. AppImage is highly portable, but usually does not have a central package manager.
In comparison, what sets pkgsrc apart is it is designed to work across many operating systems. The pkgsrc framework should work about the same, whether we are running it on MINIX, Debian or NetBSD. This makes pkgsrc much more flexible than the approaches mentioned above.
The downside to using pkgsrc is, when it is used outside its native NetBSD, it's more difficult to set up. The documentation seems to assume we are running the framework on NetBSD (or another flavour of BSD) and I had to go through some trial and error to get any software to compile. Unfortunately, even once I could build some packages, pkgsrc failed to successfully build most items I tried to install. This makes me think the pkgsrc contributors probably do not test ports across each platform.
Ultimately, pkgsrc is the most flexible portable software management tool of the ones mentioned in this article. However, at the moment, it is also the one I have had the least success with as far as getting software running on my operating system. Unlike the other portable package managers (like Nix and Flatpak), pkgsrc requires the user to compile software from source code which makes installing new software a slower process.
I think pkgsrc is probably best suited to more niche platforms, like MINIX, where the operating system's existing package manager is unlikely to be able to provide the software we want. On most Linux distributions, which have larger repositories of pre-packaged applications, pkgsrc is less practical.
|
| Released Last Week |
NethServer 7.5
Alessio Fattorini has announced the release of NethServer 7.5. The NethServer distribution is based on CentOS and provides a friendly, web-based administration panel. The project's latest release includes the Fail2Ban security software, the ability to set up wi-fi hotspots and more flexible control over software updates. "We have deployed a new panel to manage the software center. It allows to select how NethServer deals with upstream updates and configures automatic software updates. The Locked policy is selected automatically when CentOS releases a new minor version. It limits updates to repositories specific to the current version When NethServer is ready to upgrade, the new upgrade procedure can be started. The software center section of the Admin's manual was updated accordingly. Read it carefully! Icaro Hotspot - Hotspot's main goal is to provide Internet connectivity via wi-fi to casual users. Users are sent to a captive portal from which they can access the network by authenticating themselves via social login, SMS or e-mail. Icaro is a complete Hotspot written in Go and Vue.js. It uses CoovaChilli as access controller which can be configured and installed inside NethServer." Further information and screen shots of the new features can be found in the project's release announcement and in the release notes.
Univention Corporate Server 4.3-1
Univention Corporate Server (UCS) is a Debian-based server distribution that offers an integrated management system for central administration of servers, Microsoft Active Directory-compatible domain services, and functions for parallel operation of virtualised server and desktop operating systems. The Univention team has published a point release update for the distribution's 4.3 series, Univention Corporate Server 4.3-1. The release announcement mentions the following changes: "The UMC system diagnostic module has been extended with additional tests. They support the administrator to check the system health of the UCS system and the whole domain. The management system usability and configurability has been expanded. The expected usability has been improved in several places, for example when configuring email addresses or DNS settings. A content-security-policy has been integrated in the UCS management system to increase the browser security by protecting web cookies. Various security updates have been integrated into UCS 4.3-1, e.g. Apache2, the Linux kernel and Samba4. A complete list is available in the release notes."
Untangle NG Firewall 14.0
Untangle NG Firewall is a Debian-based network gateway with pluggable modules for network applications like spam blocking, web filtering, anti-virus, anti-spyware, intrusion prevention, VPN, SSL VPN, firewall, and more. The project's latest release, version 14.0, offers more control over VPN connections and directing traffic based on the port and protocol being used. "Key updates provide more control, more visibility and lower costs for SD-WAN. Tunnel VPN connections can bind to specific WANs, allowing configuration of multiple tunnels for multi-WAN sites and ensuring each tunnel is using the desired physical WAN connection. Administrators can direct traffic to the most desirable WAN connection based on criteria like ports and protocols. Tunnels can be set up without NAT so that the cloud firewall has full visibility into the network. This gives the ability to centralize policies across the whole network from the cloud firewall." Additional information can be found in the distribution's release announcement.
deepin 15.6
deepin is a Debian-based Linux distribution which strives to provide an attractive and user-friendly experience via the Deepin Desktop Environment (DDE). The project's latest release, deepin 15.6, features a new welcome window and a quick settings navigation bar. There is also a new launcher window, designed to use less screen space along with a new user's manual. "The newly added welcome program demonstrates and guides deepin personalization. When boot after deepin installation, the welcome program will be automatically shown, playing video introduction and guiding you to set desktop mode and icon theme, which can be opened later by clicking "dde-introduction" icon in Launcher. The navigation bar sticks on the left of the Control Center. Click the module icon on the left to quickly skip to the settings you want, no need to scroll up and down any more. Moreover, display scaling function is integrated in Control Center for HiDPI screens." Further information and screen shots can be found in the project's release announcement.
deepin 15.6 -- The settings panel
(full image size: 1.3MB, resolution: 1280x1024 pixels)
* * * * *
Development, unannounced and minor bug-fix releases
|
| Torrent Corner |
Weekly Torrents
The table below provides a list of torrents DistroWatch is currently seeding. If you do not have a bittorrent client capable of handling the linked files, we suggest installing either the Transmission or KTorrent bittorrent clients.
Archives of our previously seeded torrents may be found in our Torrent Archive. We also maintain a Torrents RSS feed for people who wish to have open source torrents delivered to them. To share your own open source torrents of Linux and BSD projects, please visit our Upload Torrents page.
Torrent Corner statistics:
- Total torrents seeded: 899
- Total data uploaded: 20.1TB
|
| Upcoming Releases and Announcements |
|
Summary of expected upcoming releases
|
| Opinion Poll |
Preferred init software
We began this week's issue with an overview of Devuan GNU+Linux, a distribution which got its start by providing a Debian-like experience with an alternative init software. These days there are a lot of init implementations available in the open source ecosystem, ranging from the classic SysV init, to the legacy Upstart, the widely used systemd, and a handful of others. There are some more interesting init projects like Void's runit and OpenRC. This week we would like to find our which init software is your favourite.
If your distribution currently does not run your preferred init software, please let us know in the comments which init implementation your distribution currently uses and which one you would like to be running.
You can see the results of our previous poll on running Android-x86 on laptop computers and workstations in last week's edition. All previous poll results can be found in our poll archives.
|
|
|
| DistroWatch.com News |
DistroWatch database summary
* * * * *
This concludes this week's issue of DistroWatch Weekly. The next instalment will be published on Monday, 25 June 2018. Past articles and reviews can be found through our Article Search page. To contact the authors please send e-mail to:
- Jesse Smith (feedback, questions and suggestions: distribution reviews/submissions, questions and answers, tips and tricks)
- Ladislav Bodnar (feedback, questions, donations, comments)
- Bruce Patterson (podcast)
|
|
| Tip Jar |
If you've enjoyed this week's issue of DistroWatch Weekly, please consider sending us a tip.
(Tips this week: 1, value: US$1.50) |
  1J5s35r7v8L3k2zmr3JmUfydzvdnsiNXm2 |
|
|
| Linux Foundation Training |
|
| Reader Comments • Jump to last comment |
1 • Where is "don't give a flying fart"? (by zoof on 2018-06-18 00:17:16 GMT from United States)
I find both SysV init and systemd fine. I've used OpenRC. They all worked fine.
2 • Systemd FTW (by Jake on 2018-06-18 00:36:47 GMT from Brazil)
Very easy to use, common init, easy to manage, quick.
3 • Init System (by Rev_Don on 2018-06-18 00:45:55 GMT from United States)
I'm more concerned with the overall quality and usability of the distro is and how well the Init system is implemented than which one they use.
4 • Poll (by DaveW on 2018-06-18 00:52:52 GMT from United States)
This poll really needs a "don't care" option. I do not pick a distro based on what init software it uses, but on whether it does what I need.
5 • Good riddance to OpenSuse Leap 15! (by OS2_user on 2018-06-18 00:59:18 GMT from United States)
Two weeks ago, I posted that installed the above and was for once of late pleasantly surprised that it worked, though groused about not even seeing my 1600x900 monitor. So, with "advice" (from someone who first suggested that I buy another monitor) resolved to, er, set the resolution.
So, again through settings, nothing missed; again looked for discovery of monitor's capabilities, no such. Was going to start browser and look up that Weekly to add TEXT to startup file -- as though it's the 1980s! Ran mouse down to open program menu and -- got no menu! Just the "Applications" title with nicely rounded corners, and it only flashed up for a second!
Surely a top-level KDE problem, not underlying system. The mouse kept working, repeated the above and right-click menu, but NO list, let alone shutdown option.
It was literally second time booted that installation. Real hardware: an old stock Dell. Visibly working fine. NOT monkeyed with. Windows 7 runs fine on it, so not likely bad RAM or any other excuse.
While trying to FIX a basic problem, it's exceptionally infuriating when an even more basic problem pops up! KDE should just simply NEVER lose its MAIN function of starting programs! NEVER!
I wouldn't try to tune the radio in a NEW car when the steering wheel has just come off in my hands! Didn't even bother pushing the power button to shut down and try again, just yanked the power cord. DONE with OpenSuse forever.
Folks, I haven't found one reliable in last year. Despite prior hopes for Linux, I'm exhausted. A big LACK and then UNUSABLE just during initial testing! -- Doesn't help if "works for you". Perhaps you're more patient and ignore flaws or like to "fix" them.
-----
Yes, I should stop reading and commenting here, then. It's become morbid humor, though.
6 • Init choice, does it matter or not (for me) (by TheTKS on 2018-06-18 01:19:57 GMT from Canada)
As a home desktop user who just wants things to work so I can work (except when I’m tinkering), choice of init system probably doesn’t impact me directly.
Still, I voted Sys V because:
- My favourite distro, Slackware, uses it, and runs incredibly stably and starts up quickly enough for my needs
- Systemd doesn’t get the vote because: my other main distro, Xubuntu, and another I use from time to time, elementary (and I like both distros) have given me a systemd related problem (eventually solved); the developer’s attitude during its development (which I could overlook if his solution gave something clearly superior to the alternatives, for my use); and I just can’t shake a mild mistrust of its approach, even though I can’t point to anything specifically impacting me (aside from the one problem)
TKS
7 • Devuan GNU+Linux 2.0.0 ascii? for the Raspberry Pi (by Tux_Raider on 2018-06-18 01:46:06 GMT from United States)
where is the raspberry pi image of Devuan GNU+Linux 2.0.0 ascii?
i searched their website and found the x86 and x86_64 iso images, but none for the raspberry pi, (armhf?) i have a raspberry pi 3 b+ and an extra microSD card i would love to give Devuan a spin on it,
i noticed that rasbian with the default install is consuming 25% of the CPU just doing nothing, i would rather find something less resource hungry just sitting there idling, freeing up resources for apps, i been wanting to do afew things with my pi, but mostly as a SDR radio server on my LAN, (rtl-sdr dongle) maybe openwebrx server too open to the World Wide Web if the little thing can handle it
8 • Raspberry Pi images (by Jesse on 2018-06-18 01:49:12 GMT from Canada)
@7: You can either go to our Devuan information page and follow the Download link or jump directly to the Devuan ASCII download server to get Raspberry Pi images: https://files.devuan.org/devuan_ascii/embedded/
9 • RE: 8 (by Tux_Raider on 2018-06-18 02:16:46 GMT from United States)
thanks!!! downloading now, i will put it on soon
i am grateful to the old school linuxes like slackware and since debian jumped over to the borg (systemd) i am glad for Devuan stepping up with a non-systemd debian fork
thanks again :)
10 • Runit (by jcjordyn120 on 2018-06-18 02:34:42 GMT from United States)
I use runit as it's simple and the amount of code in PID 1 should be absolutely minimal.
11 • init (by Qyu Lee on 2018-06-18 02:47:56 GMT from Canada)
I do not think that I ever had a chance for s6 exposure. Apart from that, I have passed by many more than listed on the poll. Only systemd or SysV remained main-stream and is the main choice for Linux users. Upstart and SystemStarter have been faded-out.
In Debian Family, Jessie was the first release with full-implementation of systemd.
Where as Devuan forked for SysV for the init lovers. Devuan (jessie) picked-up old hardware nicely than Debian (jessie). Devuan team did a nice good job.
I do not have any personal preference either for systemd or SysV over one another.
I never had any problems with most recent distros I have tried, they all were with systemd or OpenRC.
12 • As long as it starts (by M.Z. on 2018-06-18 03:33:24 GMT from United States)
I'm with the other commenters. I don't worry about my init system so long as my desktop starts. Quicker & more reliable are pluses, but I mostly just want a decent open source solution for all my software including init. I'm glad those that care about init have a choice, & I hope people can be civil about it.
13 • Devuan, and why I don't like software like systemd, Unity, Gnome, snap (by mmphosis on 2018-06-18 03:47:04 GMT from Canada)
I downloaded the netinst for Devuan for amd64. I understand that amd64 means it will also run 64-bit on Intel chips, that's not confusing to anyone else? I am looking at Devuan because it seems to have most of the same programs that I use on Xubuntu: xfce, firefox, vlc. The mutt email client mentioned in the review seems odd, but I might try it out because although Thunderbird is okay, I find that it has it's problems.
Ubuntu does stuff with GRUB, so I skipped the grub stuff in the Devuan installer and had to carefully and manually type some very very long commands to get things to boot from GRUB. I wish I could telnet into GRUB like I can telnet into Open Firmware on a new world PowerPC Mac, but I digress.
I suffered through Unity and now that Unity is gone, Gnome things are getting in the way. I want a simple fast desktop that I can modify: xfce works for me. I don't really care about systemd, from the start it looked similar to launchd on Mac, but again I like simple and fast and both systemd and launchd add "yet another" layer that I don't need. I don't care which init, but it needs to be simple and fast, and it has to work.
Ubuntu and Xubuntu have worked for me because, in my opinion, they are the easiest to install. Easy to install means easy for people to get started in something they probably will be confused about at first. Easy to install also means more people using Linux which I think is a great thing.
I used the text-based Devuan installer because that is what their site suggested. Gparted, and other Partition Managers are nice, but they should not get in the way when installing. It is definitely a slog to get this type of distro installed, but I have a better idea of what I am getting myself into, and what I don't want to get myself into.
The "snap" software on Ubuntu is definitely out for me. When this began showing up in Ubuntu, I tried to delete it but it keeps coming back in some form. I recently tried an AppImage and I think this is the way to go, but I could very quickly change my mind if anything goes sideways. Flatpak seems like "yet another" type of format, only rather than Ubuntu Flatpak comes from fedora? Nothing against fedora, but each distro seems to have it's own package manager or software format and frankly it is tiresome.
I've done almost all of the steps in the Linux From Scratch (LSF) document. Maybe LFS is the way I should be going, but I would like to try Devuan as it seems closest to the Linux desktop that want to be running.
14 • init (by Hoos on 2018-06-18 04:50:27 GMT from Singapore)
I didn't participate in the poll.
If I like a distro, the init system doesn't matter. However, it is good that there continues to be alternatives to systemd. I'm all for choice, particularly on as divisive an init (plus plus) system as systemd.
I have systemd, sysV and runit distros on my multiboot machine.
15 • Preferred init software (by Subaru on 2018-06-18 05:02:39 GMT from Japan)
I tend to like SysV more than SystemD however I don't get a chance to use it much, maybe my next big project will be trying to switch SysD with SysV on my system :3
16 • @13 - flatpak (by Hoos on 2018-06-18 05:05:13 GMT from Singapore)
"...Flatpak seems like "yet another" type of format, only rather than Ubuntu Flatpak comes from fedora?"
Don't know about that, but Flatpak works with non-systemd distros out of the box (ditto Appimage).
Snap requires systemd, so unless someone has the technical knowledge to bypass that, it does not seem to be a good universal choice for a "sandboxed, all-dependencies included" format.
For myself, I only use flatpak and appimages, but only where my distros' repositories don't have a particular program that I need.
17 • Poll confusing (by JS on 2018-06-18 06:07:05 GMT from United States)
I don't understand the poll at all. Busybox? Since when are boxes busy? what do they do? Nosh? What does Linux have to do with food? OpenRC and RC, what does it differ if I fly my model plane openly? Runit? What in the world is an runit? How does it differ from an sunit? What is s6? It is a linux way of saying six? And, what about systemd? Please tell me that is a misspelling. Surely SysV is one, right? So, I see Upstart here, and wonder what politics have to do with it. Now, I can understand "other", but what "other"? Other or maybe it was intended to be spelled "Mother"? This poll is so confusing. I am a Windows user.
18 • "You can't always get what you want" (Rolling Stones) (by denk_mal on 2018-06-18 06:17:35 GMT from Germany)
What I am using is very different from what I want.
I am using those init system that came along with tie distro I have to install.
So if the customer wants this or those distro I will (or must) use the init system that is preinstalled.
For now I will use systemd (debian, ubuntu), sysvinit (devuan), S6 (docker container) and busybox (some embedded systems)
I optimize the init systems by Hand (except systemd of course; too error-proune!) so none of them are faster, more stable or smoother than all the other init systems for now.
If I had a free choice I wiil choose sysvinit (KISS and most documented) or S6 (kiss and really usable out of the box) and if I can defer an init system I kick out systemd (too complex, less documented and to many dependencies to other, not wanted daemons and software)
19 • Devuan (by heri on 2018-06-18 06:42:07 GMT from Germany)
I do care about an init system that wants to make even my desktop choice a dependancy which triggered the move to devuan, at first on my netbook, which is a good testbed or a pain in the rear depending on how you look at it. All the hardware is working correctly even wifi reliable which is not usual. Devuan installation is more complex than Manjaro or Mint but nothing difficult, just more about preferences than quick and dirty.
The desktop is in no way flashy but gets the job done without distraction. In any case you can change it any way you like.
On any Distro I regard the basic software which comes with the installation as a suggestion, Thunderbird and Firefox get removed before an internet connection is established. Telemetry should be an opt in choice and the user respected if he says no. I use claws Mail and palemoon along with Falkon and Netsurf for browsing, installed latest Libreoffice and VLC.
Only thing I miss is the newer version of Gimp, the version available in the official repositorys is much less capable. .
An unassuming grey mouse with superpowers, Devuan is Fast Booting has low resource requirements and is in my experience totally stable. Highly recommended.
20 • #5 what seems more plausible? (by Tired... on 2018-06-18 06:58:57 GMT from Sweden)
... what seems more plausible? That this is a universal problem with a few million users who blindly accepts the DE not starting applications etc? Or something on your end?
If you have a bug, report the bug - this comment field is not where that happens.
Even asking in the Opensuse subreddit, the IRC channel etc is better (but only slightly) as a way to fix your bug.
Finally, Plasma runs perfectly fine here - not because I fixed anything, or because I accept that applications don't run (??? who would do that???) but because it does and it seems like that is the norm (otherwise there would be quite the uproar)
Finally. You yanking out a powercord in rage instead of turning the machine off is not a practical way to deal with problems.
21 • Preferred init software (by ibuidan on 2018-06-18 08:04:21 GMT from Romania)
I've tried to run SliTaz (Busybox init software) installed onto an USB disk ext4 filesystem and I do not get it why at sometime when starting the default session ( executable script ), the programs get into ages of waiting to load to memory and to start running.. Also even though I choose the 64bit kernel image. Slitaz (tazpkg) architecture is i486 ! so I gave up on using SliTaz.
I run Ubuntu 18.04 LTS with systemD and with Budgie Desktop installed from onto hard disk as daily driver. The live cd of Solus hangs in trying to start the display manager in trying to boot in live session so I cannot install Solus using this computer !
I have used debootstrap to create my customized Ubuntu 18.04 squashfs root filesystem for to copy it onto Slax disk as a rootfs.sb module onto an ext4 filesystem ( for to use Slax persistent changes); the init sofware here is systemD .
I want to run newer, bleeding edge software, (Budgie desktop) so I've chose to run Ubuntu instead of Devuan GNU/Linux.
22 • Deepin on Ubuntu base - memory usage at 650MB! (by OstroL on 2018-06-18 09:02:35 GMT from Poland)
If you'd install the deepin ppa from launchpad on Ubuntu base, you'd get a nice DE with low memory footprint. You can see an interesting post and a screenshot here, https://bbs.deepin.org/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=158378&extra=page%3D1
It says, it is 650MB at idle!
That is less than memory Deepin 15.6 uses at idle, which is >1.1GB.
23 • systemd is not just an init system anymore (by Mathew on 2018-06-18 09:09:17 GMT from Canada)
the problem i have with systemd is simply it is not just an init software anymore.
I accumulates multiple functionalities into one monolithic bunch of code (sometimes very buggy, proven. just crawl their issues on github).
Why should my init software provide a DNS resolver? (and do it badly?)
Why should my init software interfere with linux basics like username handling? (https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/6259)
Just have a look here and make up your own view: http://without-systemd.org/wiki/index.php/Arguments_against_systemd#Absurd_bugs_and_responses
https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/6259
24 • In Praise of Runit, The systemd Dilemma, and The Discovery of Other Init Systems (by win8linux on 2018-06-18 09:15:59 GMT from Philippines)
I personally wish that more distributions would adopt runit as their init system. It's like systemd, but much more minimal. It's quite straightforward to use, doesn't use binary logs, boots and shutdowns very quickly, is compatible with SysV init scripts, and is portable to any POSIX-compliant system.
If only Ubuntu et al. used it, we'd have many of the init-related benifits of systemd without the other cruft. I know that the various components of systemd can be compiled seperately. But when the expected behavior of a distro using said init system is to have the same features available as with others utilizing it as well (read: everything in the systemd repo), it becomes somewhat heavy in comparison to the other entrants.
This week's poll was quite good, in my opinion. Not only is it a way to generate more discussion around init systems, but it may also have helped others discover that there are more init solutions beyond systemd, Upstart, SysV, and OpenRC. I didn't know about nosh and s6 init beforehand and now I'm interested to learn more about them out of curiosity.
P.S. Does anyone here know more details about nosh init? Some light research turned up some dead links such as the one I found on Hacker News: http://homepage.ntlworld.com/jonathan.deboynepollard/Softwares/nosh.html
25 • Void Linux and runit (by mcg on 2018-06-18 09:41:57 GMT from Finland)
Void LInux and runit. Nothing more.
26 • screen resolutions (by Tim Dowd on 2018-06-18 10:00:01 GMT from United States)
@ 5
My best guess at your resolution problem is that you're missing a piece of firmware for your graphics card. As Jesse pointed out in the review of openSuse, it doesn't include non-free software by default. I had a similar problem on Debian a few years back, similar to this one
https://lists.debian.org/debian-user/2015/04/msg01818.html
I never was able to get it resolved- I was short on time that year so I switched to Mint and Ubuntu which ship non-free software. They worked fine.
27 • init systems (by Romane on 2018-06-18 10:07:19 GMT from Australia)
Honestly, I fail to see, and have always failed to see, what the kerfuffle is about init systems. I honestly do not care what init system my distro uses - if it works, what else really matters. Truth be told - nothing!!. Init systems is one of the things I ignore about whatever distro I choose to run.
Really, it is just another version of "Windows is better than Mac is better than Linux" garbage.
Let the boffins, who devote their time, effort and energy into voluntarily keeping our systems running, and too often under-appreciated, work out what init system they prefer to work and develop with. They are doing a damn fine job on *all* the init systems to make sure they do just that - work.
28 • Voted for SysV init (by TuxRaider on 2018-06-18 10:14:34 GMT from United States)
my all time favorite init system is Slackware's BSD style scripts in /etc/rc.d, but the old SysV style init is good too, i like them because they are human readable shell scripts that can be edited with any text editor,
i tried systemD because i wanted to see how it was and i agree that it is trying to do too much which is not part of the init system's parameters, and what made me mad about it is i would kill a service daemon that was not critical but consuming about 15% cpu and systemD decided to start it up again without my explicit permission.
Write programs that do one thing and do it well.
Write programs to work together.
Write programs to handle text streams, because that is a universal interface.
29 • poll re init system (by Simon on 2018-06-18 11:49:20 GMT from New Zealand)
Exactly #28. Actually the poll needs an "anything but systemd" option, which might have beat systemd.
30 • Devuan "Ascii" (by César on 2018-06-18 11:54:05 GMT from Chile)
¡Buenos días!
Well, i download and install Devuan ASCII.
I tried with KDE, but IT'S HORRIBLE, the wifi after boot the desktop don't works, only wired connection works, synaptic don't works too (repos error says), aptitude even worst, WRONG, WRONG, WRONG, KDE plasma hangs, error after error. Please don't install KDE in Devuan Ascii.
After this horrible start, i tried a second chance, but this time i install Mate.
Now the system WORKS, everything fine, no problem, fast, stable, clean system, nothing extra, 650 at idle RAM required, CPU not forced.
I continue use Devuan because i never like SystemD.
Greetings from Santiago de Chile.
31 • 22 • Deepin on Ubuntu base (by Saleem Khan on 2018-06-18 11:55:50 GMT from Pakistan)
@22 , is this PPA regularly updated? I have Deepin installed and would try this PPA on Bionic if it is kept updated with Deepin released latest updates.
32 • Don't care which init, EXCEPT (by curious on 2018-06-18 11:55:51 GMT from Germany)
... that it must be bug-free and that it should not cause shutdown times of 3 minutes (instead of about 5 seconds).
33 • @31 Deepin on Ubuntu base (by OstroL on 2018-06-18 12:25:29 GMT from Poland)
Yes, it is regularly updated. It is now on Bionic, but you can install it on Cosmic too. I've a feeling that the ppa is coming from Deepin team itself. I just tried it on Cosmic and I got 724MB at idle. Mine is a Pentium. The memory usage is quite nice for such a fully fledged DE!
34 • init Software (by R. Cain on 2018-06-18 13:13:25 GMT from United States)
Ten choices for "...which init software is your favourite....", when most people have never heard of some--perhaps most--of these?
Most people HAVE heard that SysVinit is THE init system for Unix,and Linux; and has been for years; and that it has--and does--work admirably...for years on end.
What most people don't understand is the ease with which SysVinit can be maintained, IF it's ever necessary, versus the opposite situation with systemd.
This penchant for replacing a rock-solid part of the Unix/Linux system and replacing it with a much more complex alternative simply for the sake of replacement is part of the problem which exists with Linux in general ( e.g., over eight HUNDRED distros in your database).
How about a simple poll-- "Do you prefer 'SysVinit', or 'systemd' ."
At the very least, this might get people to seriously educate themselves to the differences.
35 • Systemd (by Systemd on 2018-06-18 13:17:04 GMT from Portugal)
Plenty bigger issues to “solve” in desktop Linux than system d for distraction.
36 • One of the more interesting weeks (by Barnabyh on 2018-06-18 14:02:59 GMT from United States)
Thanks for the review. I have not tried Devuan yet so was wondering. Sounds like Devuan and Flatpak would be a good alternative for when a full, fresh Slackware install is too much and one wants Xfce. Bit like Salix, minus the convenient tools to add codecs etc. And of course a different base if that matters.
Also, thanks for the primer on pkgsource. I had heard of it but had not explored yet how it would fare in comparison.
37 • 7 • Devuan GNU+Linux 2.0.0 ascii? for the Raspberry Pi (by Tux_Raider on 2018-0 (by mvdvarrier on 2018-06-18 14:04:23 GMT from India)
Rasbian with the default install is consuming 25% of the CPU just doing nothing,
I also have such an experience with Raspbian. With the help of top command it has been known that the cpu cycles are consumed by some python processes. when I killed python , the cpu consumption floored to zero. I cannot under stand what is happening. If the python is not terminated , it is continuing with no ending.
38 • Opinion Poll (by Fantomas on 2018-06-18 09:28:50 GMT from United Kingdom)
Right now I am using /SysV init/ and I enjoy it, so I voted for this one. Also another one that I would love to see more is /OpenRC/ Am not aware of any decent usable Distro that uses OpenRC. As of today Jun.2018 I am forced to use /systemd/ by design on other Distros that I use, and I dislike it - always have - always will. Also I wish lots of Success for the Devuan Linux Team. I have tried it long time ago and it did not detect other Distros on the HDD, wiping everything and the Software was very Old, making it desirable to run off-line perhaps. Other than that it was very stable. I did not have the time to test the /devuan_ascii_2.0.0 from 2018-Jun-06/ Thank you.
39 • 7 • Devuan GNU+Linux 2.0.0 ascii? for the Raspberry Pi (by Tux_Raider on 2018-0 (by mvdvarrier on 2018-06-18 14:05:10 GMT from India)
Rasbian with the default install is consuming 25% of the CPU just doing nothing,
I also have such an experience with Raspbian. With the help of top command it has been known that the cpu cycles are consumed by some python processes. when I killed python , the cpu consumption floored to zero. I cannot under stand what is happening. If the python is not terminated , it is continuing with no ending.
40 • OpenRC (by bison on 2018-06-18 14:26:21 GMT from United States)
I voted OpenRC. Of all the modern alternatives to systemd it seems to have the most traction, and it doesn't interfere with SysV init.
If there were a mainstream distro based on Debian and/or Ubuntu that used OpenRC, I would probably switch to that distro.
41 • systemd (by nobody-important on 2018-06-18 14:55:57 GMT from Canada)
systemd gave us log files that cannot be read with a simple text editor and must be viewed via a translator of some sort, complicating the debugging of log files.
The other problem, as noted by Mathew from Canada, is that systemd is growing day-by-day, invading other areas of responsibility.
I was sorry to see Linux Mint accept systemd. Good thing we have Devuan, Puppy Linux, and a few others which remain systemd-free.
Kudos to Distrowatch for allowing for the search of distributions "Not systemd."
42 • systemd (by Voila Violates on 2018-06-18 15:23:11 GMT from Canada)
@ # 27
Really, it is just another version of "Windows is better than Mac is better than Linux" garbage.
Windows and Mac are commercial implementation where as all developer has to bow a strong ring leader before stuffing nasty stuff into it. Where as Linux swings like a pendulum where every single distro's goal is different.
@ # 41
"systemd gave us log files that cannot be read with a simple text editor and must be viewed via a translator of some sort, complicating the debugging of log files."
Well, then, systemd definitely violates one (or may be more) rule(s) of The Basic Foundation of Linux". all log must be plain.txt and must be human readable was one of the transparency goal in promoting linux. Anyway Linux tree is over grown in multi-dimensions without any control.
@ # 13
"I've done almost all of the steps in the Linux From Scratch (LSF) document. Maybe LFS is the way I should be going, but I would like to try Devuan as it seems closest to the Linux desktop that want to be running."
That is only the best way to get what exactly you want from Linux.
43 • Init systems (by bigbenaugust on 2018-06-18 15:24:12 GMT from United States)
I run MX on most of my machines. While Debian-based, it uses sysvinit for the system init and systemd-logind for user sessions only. An interesting bit of trickery. But I may have to install Devuan again somewhere now that 2.0 has gone gold.
Having lived through the sysvinit-to-binary-init transition with Solaris back in the day, it can be done without too much pain and suffering. But the continual systemd land grab and the attitudes involved there are not necessarily the right way to go about it.
44 • init systems (by Spanky on 2018-06-18 15:25:55 GMT from United States)
I didn't vote, because you forgot the "Anything but systemd" option. Try and watch it, next time.
I don't much care which init system I use, as long as it works and doesn't try to take over everything else on the system. That's where systemd fails, IMO. On new releases, I usually have to debug some new issue I shouldn't have to debug, and its usually systemd related. I have had to do 'the trick' to get syslogs working again, and have had to replace the resolver just to get internet access. I just wanna do MY work, guys. If I want to do Linux development, I'LL give YOU a call.
To answer your question: I've used SysV, OpenRC, and runit, and like them all. In general, though, I don't care. I don't care if it takes 29 seconds or 32 seconds to boot the system. If systemd just initted the system - and worked - I wouldn't be posting this.
45 • init Software (by R. Cain on 2018-06-18 15:42:14 GMT from United States)
@35--You need to read the very last sentence: "...At the very least, this might get people to seriously educate themselves to the differences.", It always helps to know the subject.
@34: "...and replacing it with a much more complex alternative simply for the sake of replacement is part of the problem..." IS "...the [the major] plenty bigger issues..." (@35) to which you refer.
A good example, from @41:
"...systemd gave us log files that cannot be read with a simple text editor and must be viewed via a translator of some sort, complicating the debugging of log files.
"The other problem, as noted by Mathew from Canada, is that systemd is growing day-by-day, invading other areas of responsibility...."
"Simplicity is the ultimate sophistication."--Leonardo da Vinci
46 • Init poll (by David on 2018-06-18 15:53:00 GMT from United Kingdom)
I'm another one who wanted a "who cares?" option! In 20 years I've only had to adjust the init system twice, once with System V, once with systemd. Neither was particularly difficult, once I'd found an on-line guide.
If systemd is really the disaster that some people claim, then I'd expect SUSE to try poaching some RHEL customers by avoiding it! To judge from the interminable denunciations at LinuxQuestions, the objectors are the usual anti-business ideologues and conspiracy theorists.
47 • @13 Re AMD64 (by Rev_Don on 2018-06-18 15:57:49 GMT from United States)
"I understand that amd64 means it will also run 64-bit on Intel chips, that's not confusing to anyone else?"
Not at all, but then I've been working with computers since the 1970s. AMD created the 64bit extension set that is used on x86 processors so they named it AMD64. Intel copied it to integrate into their processors and called it X86_64, but most people still refer to it as AMD64.
48 • Devuan Review, Summit's OS, Init Poll (by cykodrone on 2018-06-18 16:04:08 GMT from Canada)
I've been running Devuan since it's since it's very first beta release after being estranged from Debian stable. While the review was fine, Devuan is not trying to be some glossy user friendly top of the DW charts OS, it's written and maintained by developers and systems admins, these people are used to white characters rushing by on black screens. Debian was (don't know about now) also much like Devuan, a bare bones DYI, roll up your sleeves, scrape some knuckles and get your elbows dirty OS. My systemd free alternative and second (backup) OS on my machine is PCLinuxOS, if somebody wants glossy and more user friendly, that may be a better choice. A bit more fragile than rock solid (like diamond solid) Devuan but a great alternative choice none the less, PCLOS has better multimedia and web browser support anyway.
Summit is running systemd? Is that wise, being buggy spyware and all.
Ha, the init poll results pretty much mirrors an actual election, the anti crowd split the vote so the 'hold your nose' candidate could run away with the win. I use the default init in Devuan but voted OpenRC, it seems to be the most sensible and more functional alternative to systemd.
49 • Who cares? I do (by CS on 2018-06-18 17:45:19 GMT from United States)
I can certainly respect the "who cares" point of view from a user perspective.
As someone who needs to ship software to end users, and said software needs to get started and stay that way, systemd has made things far simpler and more reliable. No more "nohup tricks", no more custom watchdogs, many dirty hacks the init system forced are gone forever. I think we can all appreciate that.
50 • logs (by dmacleo on 2018-06-18 18:41:16 GMT from United States)
#41
this is my issue. with web panels I run directadmin) and webserver configs (nginx php-fpm) the init logs were easier for me to read.
now that may be experience issue however I could always find info I needed asap while with systemd I cannot.
learning curve?
maybe.
but still, is harder on me with centos 7.x than 6.x
51 • init.. and suse15 rejected (by Jordan on 2018-06-18 19:43:55 GMT from United States)
@5 "OS2 user," lmao. Hey.. you should have got another monitor. And mouse. Etc. Just kidding, but you cannot find a good distro so yes you should mess with linux and reading in here and posting in here may be frustrating because we do find and use fine distros for years on end. Hello. Again. ;)
The init poll seem lacking in the "no preference" response not being there. I have no preference, but did vote for Sys V as the one on this distro.
Was a non-systemd freak for a while. Read more. Now don't care.
52 • @24 Runit (by Jyrki on 2018-06-18 21:08:48 GMT from Czech Republic)
Have a look at Artix. They offer OpenRC, runit and S6 as inits. They released runit-base iso recently. After some birth related problems that appeared after they started the distro it seems to be stable for some time now. Also seems like their infrastructure is now also in place and they can concentrate on the distro itself. And they are making pretty impressive job. And one have pacman and AUR available.
53 • poll (by a on 2018-06-18 21:14:26 GMT from France)
I would have answered "Anything that’s not systemd" if it was an option.
What Arch had before systemd was fine. OpenRC on Gentoo is ok, though confusing because there are several ways to do the same things. I don’t have enough experience with other init software to know which one is the best.
54 • Devuan & Systemd (by RoestVrijStaal on 2018-06-18 22:37:06 GMT from Netherlands)
"but I tend to prefer distributions where it feels like the parts are fitted together to create a unified experience. "
Then you'll love Systemd, where every feature is within a big blackboxy blob.
___
Systemd isn't bad -per se-.
The intention of Systemd is still vague for me. It's developers didn't tell systemd's advantages in the KISS way.
Each interaction requires a hard-to-remember command (and parameters) which you'll always make a typo with systemcontrold, no wayd systemctrl, no wait sysctrl, ffffffuuuuu.
Also the documentation isn't archievement-oriented written. It's written as what each command and parameter can do. Too much information to read which i don't need at the time when I'm seeking for a solution!
Another thing is that developers of systemd take each criticism to systemd as a personal attack.
I'm using a distro with systemd, but that's because non-systemd require more work to get things working and keeping stable.. A Mint-like distro with OpenRC or runit instead of Systemd would be nice.
55 • @54 RE A Mint-like distro with OpenRC or runit instead of Systemd would be nice (by dxr on 2018-06-18 23:49:40 GMT from United States)
MX linux may be worthy of a try. Not openrc; sysvinit, but very polished and "mint-like" if you prefer.
I have found devuan with openrc (an option in the install process) to be as stable as it gets, and things working out of the box.
Your systemd comments are are well taken, agree.
56 • Devuan & Debian (by Bushpilot on 2018-06-19 00:19:06 GMT from Canada)
I had trouble with Devuan live install, however the xfce version install went well as it is virtually a Debian installer. Had to select desktop (xfce etc) during install. Everything is working well. The only negatives I have is that i could not find a way to get it to auto-login. Tried lightdm but that didn't work, and no virtualbox is available so far, otherwise it is a stellar performer and seems to be as stable as Debian 9.
Devuan has come a long way since it's developers broke with systemd. Time will tell if it will become a popular distro.
57 • Devuan (by StephenC on 2018-06-19 00:50:04 GMT from United States)
I guess the reviewer hasn't installed Debian 9 with XFCE before? The comments regarding installation and application choices, lack of volume control on the desktop, etc. applies equally to a default Debian 9 with XFCE.
Just for kicks I downloaded and installed Devuan following my "recipe" for Debian 9. The only real difference that I experienced during installation was that I didn't realize slim is the expected default DM. So by installing lightlocker, it caused lightdm to be setup and in turn caused an extra step in shutdown. Other than artwork, Wicd instead of Network Manager is essentially the only visible difference.
Nice - Debian 9 without systemd. Same installation process, same XFCE setup, (almost) the same applications... I may switch full-time.
58 • Non systemd (SysV) Linux Distros (by Manny Moore on 2018-06-19 01:00:32 GMT from Canada)
DW search tool offers more than 20 searches for "Not systemd" and "SysV" each. Some are good worth give it a live-try like
1. Linux Mint (2) ---> might be systemd.
2. MX Linux (7)
3. PCLinuxOS (20)
4. Puppy Linux (23)
5. Slackware Linux (30)
6. Devuan GNU+Linux (33)
7. Redcore Linux (41)
8. Absolute Linux (61)
9. Calculate Linux (65)
10. NuTyX (72)
11. AUSTRUMI (84)
12. VectorLinux (96)
The search result list is way long.
First one Linux Mint might be with systemd.
Apart from that, I have a good experience with the rest of all.
59 • Devuan Review Install Issues (by dxr on 2018-06-19 01:40:57 GMT from United States)
I have to agree with @57, my first thought was "is this any different from a typical Debian install"?
I didnt at all feel the install process was "longer installation process I have gone through to date" ("longest"?). My experience with the install process I used (on 3 separate PCs) was that the install asked the questions needed to properly perform the install. I cant think of any questions to remove and still get the install proper, for myself and others not in the US.
There are 2 points that Jesse mentions during install that I didnt encounter at all during my installs:
1) "First, we are asked for the root password, which is available in the release notes file. Then we are shown a screen warning us the installer's windows may not fit on small screens (or display properly in a virtual machine) and, in that case, we should use the text installer. Then I was warned that the grub-pc package was missing and might need to be installed manually, though the reason for this was unclear."
2) "and then I was asked an unusual question. I was shown a screen with three options, with the first being to copy files to a /target directory and install the GRUB boot loader packages. The second was to open a chroot environment to perform custom actions. The third was to "continue" without installing a boot loader. I took the "copy files" option, half expecting it to fail since I'd been warned the grub-pc package was missing, but the installer accepted my choice and moved on."
I did not encounter the above issues and I dont recall having to "toggle" anything on the main install display; my install was what I would describe as serially.
The "cryptic" list of international locales are of course for our fellow non-English speaking users. Perhaps a human readable language-specific (font) display would be better, but does any other distro provide this?
I think the overall Devuan review was accurate, but the install part of the review is far from my personal experience.
60 • Devuan 2 vs Debian 9 (by Jesse on 2018-06-19 01:50:25 GMT from Canada)
@57: "I guess the reviewer hasn't installed Debian 9 with XFCE before? The comments regarding installation and application choices, lack of volume control on the desktop, etc. applies equally to a default Debian 9 with XFCE."
1. The install process for Debian and Devuan are quite a bit different.
2. You may be right about volume controls in Xfce, but If you go back and look at my review of Debian 9 from last year you will see I installed MATE instead of Xfce, but the volume control is very much present. in that environment. It should be present in all desktop options.
@59: "I think the overall Devuan review was accurate, but the install part of the review is far from my personal experience."
You probably used a different install method. As I pointed out in the review there are several image options. I went with the one recommended in the release notes (the live disc). If you used an alternative method your install experience would be quite a bit different.
61 • Devuan Installation on HDD (by Manny Moore on 2018-06-19 02:27:02 GMT from Canada)
Devuan Installer Media and Devuan Live follows different installation methods. Devuan Live uses refracta installer to copy live-running system to HDD, installs grub and modifies fstab. Where as Devuan Installation Media follows d-i debian installer.
If anyone considering Devuan HDD installation should preferably use Installer disks CD/DVD, not live medium.
REFRACTA-INSTALLER REMINDS OF REFRACTA LINUX IS ALSO DEVUAN NON-SYSTEMD DERIVATIVE WORTH TRYING!!!
62 • Linux init software (by R. Cain on 2018-06-19 03:48:05 GMT from United States)
For those who want to know more about this subject, a somewhat-introductory article can be found here, at "The Register"--
"Devuan Ships Second Stable Cut of Its systemd-free Linux--
Open source luminary and former Debian leader Bruce Perens gives it a big thumbs up."
By Richard Chirgwin 12 Jun 2018 at 02:57
63 • Devuan etc/systemd (by Gary W on 2018-06-19 04:53:22 GMT from Australia)
@61 Sure, they are worth trying, but are they worth keeping? Software is rather old. I installed Devuan with MATE (to investigate hidpi features for my newest hardware). Current MATE is 1.20, the just-released Devuan provided 1.16 which is nearly 2 years old.
As for systemd, I see it as a solution in search of a problem. Last time I looked, the Red Hat support database had 26 pages of "enhancements" and "errata" for systemd; many people would say "buggy and incomplete". For the record, I'm using MX, looking at PCLinuxOS MATE (1.20).
64 • Devuan etc/systemd (by Manny Moore on 2018-06-19 06:21:05 GMT from Canada)
@ # 63
"Sure, they are worth trying, but are they worth keeping?"
When it comes to Linux even The GOD or a devil himself might be confused with thousands of distros, many different flavours, variety of different bundled-wares without underwear. LOL!!!
I change more than 7 distros in a week.
"For the record, I'm using MX, looking at PCLinuxOS MATE (1.20)."
I do not care much about systemd, SysV or OpenRC. I am not always fond of latest versions like Mate 1.20 or Mate 1.16. Probably I would not able to feel and tell the differences between versions 1.9 and 0.9 or whatever. The version numbers were neither been my priorities nor preferences. I am happy as long as I get functionality that I want and picks the hardware what I have. I do not have latest hardware too, so, sometimes I have to compromise while trying new releases.
65 • Devuan and systemD (by denPes on 2018-06-19 08:44:06 GMT from Belgium)
I Understand Jesse's angle with the review on Devuan. And his conclusion is right. This is not for newbies who want a full desktop out-of-the-box. However some more attention to the strong points of Devuan would have been fair. When using the installation disk, Devuan has just a good installer. Not as easy as the mainstream ubuntu's and Suse's and so on, but more for those who already did a few installs of linux.
I've used the netinstaller of Devuan. Very easy to use, if you know debian. A nice touch was the cli productive set (selection of cli apps like tmux etc) in the installer that could be installed if for example you wanted to start of without X first. The installation was very fast. There were a few quirks, not related specifically to Devuan, with root and the encrypted filesystem. (not cleanly unmount and 30 seconds wait time, which I could solve and were related to crypttools and the kernel.)
After that everything was just an "apt install" away. Performance is great. And it feels very clean. I'm very thankful for the skilled Devuan developers that they have delivered a systemD free alternative, and stick to the KISS principle.
I'm in the target audiance for Devuan. I don't like an init system like systemD that can not be controlled with bash/vi/nano, but requires specific tools to be controlled. I also don't like an init system that becomes a dependency of more and more programs/WM's, and every years takes control over more and more of the system. This makes it hard to avoid and not easy to replace. Which in my opinion is not in line with KISS and free software.
Devuan is clean, fast, has a wealth of software (thanks to debian), and it's a stable productive base for those who actually use the gnu system, instead of switching every couple of weeks/months to have the latest "greatest". After years of using Slackware, I felt for the ease of use in Devuan, and I like it a lot.
66 • List of Non-systemd (SysV) Linux Distros (by R. Cain on 2018-06-19 13:51:24 GMT from United States)
@ 58--
Number 1 on your list--MINT Linux--IS DEFINITELY a "systemd distribution".
I know you said,at the end of your informative and excellent post, that "...First one Linux Mint might be with systemd...". This is to confirm that you are correct.
Thank you very much.
67 • Init system... (by OstroL on 2018-06-19 13:57:34 GMT from Poland)
Init system? Well, a system that would boot quickly and keep the laptop working, until I put it off. Doesn't matter what it is named, sysD or sysV or whatnot. Actually, what might be the init system of Windows 10? Nothing breaks like in those days...
68 • Winchester (by RunIt - Void / SysV PCLOS on 2018-06-19 14:14:19 GMT from United States)
Void Linux is very surprisingly low on the popularity list. 110 right now. It should be much higher,in the top ten at least,if you ask me. I installed it (Void XFCE) about a month ago and have been very pleased.
RunIt gets the Void system booted up in about 22 seconds. Just once I had no mouse pointer control and had to reboot. That's a great trade-off for no systemD if it only happens 2 percent of the time.
Alpine Linux XFCE is in a similar category but with BusyBox init instead for an init system.
I have actually had more problems with systemD than with any other init system. Usually in Arch or Arch-based distributions. "A start job is running" or "A stop job is running". 1 minute and 30 seconds. Wait. Not really any problems with openSUSE or Fedora systemD start-up or shutdown. Although .... That's not even taking into account all of the other drawbacks of systemD.
As far as posts # 64 and # 65 go,I would look into PClinuxOS LXDE.
" Devuan is clean, fast, has a wealth of software (thanks to debian), and it's a stable productive base for those who actually use the gnu system, instead of switching every couple of weeks/months to have the latest "greatest". After years of using Slackware, I felt for the ease of use in Devuan, and I like it a lot. "
PClinuxOS LXDE fits this description as well.
I use PClinuxOS Trinity but,it takes time to customize Trinity to make it look,feel,and function as though it is not from 10 to 15 years in the past. If you don't have the time to customize Trinity,LXDE takes much less time to customize to a modern look and feel.
69 • Behavior of init software on Linux distros (by Christian Crispino on 2018-06-19 14:51:27 GMT from Italy)
I try one of the most plural and customizable Linux distro, Arch Linux, with systemd, runit and OpenRC.
Systemd often spends several minutes to kill some processes before system halts, its project is too sectarian because it works regardless of UNIX and POSIX nature of Linux, and the future of this init is obscure considering a migration from monolithical to microkernel (GNU Hurd and Google Zircon projects).
Runit includes a good supervision service, but it lacks the full support of some software services such as NetworkManager and cups.
OpenRC is a portable init and a well-done compromise between tradition and modernity, it works on top of SysV and it's rock stable.
I also try Obarun with s6, its working principle is similar to runit and the current limitations are nearly the same; interesting if it can be installed in an old x86 hardware.
Devuan and Artix are some good distros to try OpenRC without spending hours to install sourcepkgs, but they include by default elogind and other GNOME-bage frills and bloats dears to Red Hat; for this reason I switch to Parabola OpenRC with Arch repos and AUR support.
70 • Interesting Devuan derivatives (by Bobbin on 2018-06-19 14:57:41 GMT from South Africa)
I think the reviewer should have examined the larger Devuan ecosystem, which includes interesting derivatives such as:
* Heads (tor-based privacy OS, like Tails, but without systemd);
* Good Life Linux: Devuan + LXDE, or Openbox, or Xfce;
* MiyoLinux (Miyo=Make It Your Own): Devuan + Openbox, or Awesome, or i3 (despite being minimalist this is one of the most stylish distros I've seen);
* Crowz: 64-bit Devuan+Fluxbox, or Openbox, or Jwm;
*Fluxuan: Devuan+Fluxbox
*Star: platform to build your own distro.
Good Life; Miyo and Fluxuan are all minimalist distros aimed at making older machines run efficiently and so that users can "make their system into what they need without any additional bloat to remove".
For more Devuan derivatives go here: https://devuan.org/os/partners/devuan-distros
71 • @ 68 Winchester - your stop job... (by OstroL on 2018-06-19 15:16:18 GMT from Poland)
>> I have actually had more problems with systemD than with any other init system. Usually in Arch or Arch-based distributions. "A start job is running" or "A stop job is running". 1 minute and 30 seconds.<<
It is not a problem of your init software, but your grub. It is looking for your swap partition. Check your fstab. Your sawp partition has a wrong UUID.
72 • Colors (by Carney3 on 2018-06-19 15:37:14 GMT from United States)
Going by the screenshots, Devuan's default color scheme is so subdued it almost looks black-and-white (or grayscale). Reminds me of NeXTStep, the original Macintosh, or the early grayscale laptops.
73 • Init Systems (by Bruce Neale on 2018-06-19 15:55:20 GMT from Germany)
My preferred distro for daily use has been Mx Linux, to avoid systemd.
Linux Mint 17,3 has been my second preferred distro, which is the last Mint LTS that was systemd free. Mint LMDE were also systemd free.
For a triple boot option I also install Salix 14,2.
I am only using old 32 bit hardware, because the 64 bit hardware has already died, or I couldn't install any 64 bit distros at the time I tried.
Old T series Thinkpads seem to work much quicker with any linux distro that installs, compared to the Windows options.
best regards
Bruce
74 • Non SystemD (by Manny Moore on 2018-06-19 19:00:52 GMT from Canada)
If you consider AntiX/MX Family, Devuan Family, Puppy and it's tons of pup-lets, PCLinuxOS, Arch Family, Gentoo Family and Slackware Family, there are tons of thousands choices of endless supply of non-systemd distributions for init lovers.
75 • inits good except for a flaw (by init hugs on 2018-06-19 23:14:18 GMT from Australia)
Like others have spoke, which init system is included in a distro makes no nevermind. However, all init systems have the same single point of weakness (that mobile phone makers have already realized): They employ a login screen, that uses a single password. This is a potential security risk, as every hacker knows that when you turn on your computer you must type in a password (hence you can be observed doing so); as well as the fact that the network is brought up just before the login prompt (with doubts about wireless devices on/off status, it offers a potential opportunity for sniffing login details).
So something other than a single password login system is required by modern space-age init systems.
76 • Linux init Software (by R. Cain on 2018-06-19 23:31:12 GMT from United States)
My two main computers are very good machines with almost identical characteristics-- a Lenovo T420 and a T430. I installed MInt Linux 17.3 on the 420 three years ago, and Mint 18.2 on the T430 1½ years ago. I never (and I do mean 'never') had a problem with Mint 17.3. Because of occasional 'inconsistencies' in my machine and as reported by others in the 'forums', the 18.2 version has been replaced by ('reverted back to') Mint 17.3 also. It works--and has since 'reversion'--flawlessly.
I will be the first to admit that there is nothing scientific about this example except for the extreme similarity in the machines. This fable is for informational purposes only, and should be viewed as such
Do not read anything into the fact that all hardware is identical except for the faster processor in the T430 (and that the keyboards are slightly different).
Do not read anything into the fact that Linux Mint 17.3 does not use systemd, while Mint 18.2 DOES use systemd.
Just as @73, because of the ALL the very good reports AND lack of systemd, I am preparing to evaluate MX-17.1 for use as my next-generation 'go-to' Linux distribution (if one follows DistroWatch's '7-Day Statistics', MX-17.1 Linux is now #4 in the rankings).
77 • Devuan Ascii and Fluxuan (by Manny Moore on 2018-06-20 01:03:30 GMT from Canada)
Just tried Devuan Ascii and Fluxuan, performed well, seems OK.
However Fluxuan misses a lot in main menu, there many packages in distro but not in menu need to added manually. performance is ok.
Thanks to the developers of Devuan and Fluxuan.
78 • Just a quick note... (by Lennart on 2018-06-20 04:20:23 GMT from United States)
I'd just like to interject for a moment. What you're referring to as Linux,
is in fact, systemd/Linux, or as I've recently taken to calling it, systemd plus Linux.
Linux is not an operating system unto itself, but rather another free component
of a fully functioning systemd system made useful by the systemd init, bootloader and vital office suite comprising a full OS as defined by Lennart Poettering.
Many computer users run a modified version of the systemd system every day,
without realizing it. Through a peculiar turn of events, the version of systemd
which is widely used today is often called "Linux", and many of its users are
not aware that it is basically the systemd system, developed by the Freedesktop.org Project.
There really is a Linux, and these people are using it, but it is just a
part of the system they use. Linux is the kernel: the program in the system
that allocates the machine's resources to the other programs that you run.
The kernel is an essential part of an operating system, but useless by itself;
it can only function in the context of a complete operating system. Linux is
normally used in combination with the systemd operating system: the whole system
is basically systemd with Linux added, or systemd/Linux. All the so-called "Linux"
distributions are really distributions of systemd/Linux.
79 • Post # 71 - SWAP Partition is Correct UUID (by Winchester on 2018-06-20 04:26:20 GMT from United States)
My SWAP partition's UUID is correct in /etc/fstab. SWAP is "on" when I launch GParted.
Furthermore,it only happens with systemD so,I would definitely consider it an init software problem.
Grub entries are correct.
If any of this were the actual cause,it would happen all of the time but,it only happens once in a while. Usually when I am in a rush to leave the house to go to work and I end up wasting 1:30 waiting to make sure the system does end up powering off.
80 • @78; where is my popcorn? (by Frederic Bezies on 2018-06-20 05:20:39 GMT from France)
Systemd/linux ? No more gcc and glibc components? Always the same bag of nonsensense.
So, Linux based OS must be named by there init system?
Gentoo = OpenRC/Linux
Void = Runit/Linux
Slackware = sysVinit/Linux
And so on?
I know, I stepped on a troll. But when I read such comment, I know I have to buy popcorn and soda. This init "war" is still going on for the great pleasure of Apple and Microsoft.
Did Free Software world need an enemy? No. It is inside itself. The worst you can imagine; free software users.
81 • @71 typical reply of systemd supporters (by curious on 2018-06-20 08:04:19 GMT from Germany)
To paraphrase: it can't be systemd's fault, it must be something else.
No, no, no! If it ONLY happens with distros using systemd and not with those using other init software, then it IS a systemd problem.
Therefore my preferred init software is ANY of SysV init, OpenRC, runit or Upstart (don't know any of the others except systemd). It would make sense to combine the votes for these...
82 • @ 81 grub's 1:30 minute probem (by OstroL on 2018-06-20 08:21:26 GMT from Poland)
I don't care two hoots about what init system that's there in the distro, as far as it boots and keep on working.
Regarding the problem of "1:30 minute," it had happened to my distros, when a grub update was done or when a new distro was installed. After certain amount of searching, I know that grub is not putting the correct UUID of the swap partition in. Say, you have few distros installed, and the last distro had replaced the grub with its own. Now you try to boot into another distro on your list, but it goes on for 1:30 minute search and then boot in. Check that distro's fstab, and you'd see that swap UUID is wrong. A standard problem with grub...and SysD, but mostly grub's.
83 • @82 totally different problem (by curious on 2018-06-20 09:52:43 GMT from Germany)
The excessive systemd shutdown delays have nothing to do with what you describe.
The problem even occurs with a completely new install in a VM (virtual box), with NO other distros, no partitions for other distros, no grub replacements etc.
And there is NO problem with stating up, only with shutting down. So it is NOT grub looking for anything.
84 • @83 (by OstroL on 2018-06-20 10:27:54 GMT from Poland)
Anyway, check what grub is actually looking for to open, or shut.
Like I said, I don't give 2 hoots what the init system is, sysV or sysD or whatnot, as far as it would do its work correctly. Without the booting app, you can't boot, whatever the init system your distro have. The booting app has its own quirks, and goes on searching for partitions to mount; the root and the swap, the basic two. In those days, both of them had to be found and mounted to get the distro booted. Nowadays, even if it won't find swap, it'd still boot, ignoring swap, but it takes 1:30 minutes minimum. Just check your fstab.
Btw, I didn't have any problems with SysV or Upstart or whatever that was there in the given distro. Few times I had this "1:30 minutes searching a partition to mount" and once I know the solution, the swap UUID matter, I never get problems any more. I check the fstab of all partitions on swap's UUID, if I install a distro anew. It is grub giving trouble.
85 • Devuan's 5 Desktop Environments (by Bobbin on 2018-06-20 13:07:09 GMT from South Africa)
Reviewer omitted to mention that user can select from these five desktop environments when installing from the Devuan installer-iso (https://mirror.leaseweb.com/devuan/devuan_ascii/installer-iso/):
* XFCE,
* Cinnamon,
* KDE,
* LXQT,
* MATE
Other desktop environments are available post-install or by using Devuan derivatives (https://devuan.org/os/ ; https://devuan.org/os/partners/devuan-distros).
86 • @75 Systemd's Networking Capabilities (by cykodrone on 2018-06-20 14:20:43 GMT from Canada)
I am currently forced to piggyback on a friend's wifi, my two systemd-free OSes DO NOT start the wifi connection until AFTER the password and the GUI environment initializes. Not sure if I can say the same about a wired connection, but a secretive init with FULL control of your machine that can 'phone home' raises numerous red flags for me, especially since the developer has huge contracts with many of the 'alphabet' government agencies. I dumped my Android smartphone's carrier and took the sim card out a long time ago, its wifi is always OFF, I have to turn it on manually, it's now a $650 Solitaire player during bathroom breaks.
87 • @ # 70 70 • Interesting Devuan derivatives (by Manny Moore on 2018-06-20 15:20:39 GMT from Canada)
@ # 70 70 • Interesting Devuan derivatives
"Good Life; Miyo and Fluxuan are all minimalist distros aimed at making older machines run efficiently and so that users can "make their system into what they need without any additional bloat to remove"."
Just given Good Life, Miyo and Fluxuan a try. They are surprisingly minimal. Fluxuan has chrome browser. In Good Life and Miyo need to install one. All performed well-n-good and gonna pick one out of these three.
Thanks!!!
88 • Volume control on XFCE (devuan 2.0) (by SA on 2018-06-20 15:43:57 GMT from France)
Jesse said that there was no volume control "tray icon" in XFCE on devuan.
I had installed Devuan 2.0 with XFCE and added "Pulseaudio plugin" to the top panel, and it works.
But I needed to do one "quirky" thing: put the notification area to the bottom of the screen (xfce parameters), because volume notifications did *hide* the volume control widget all the time, if I did not do that.
89 • Devuan LXQt (by a on 2018-06-20 20:56:12 GMT from France)
@85 thanks, that’s interesting as LXQt is my preferred DE and Gentoo dropped all support for it in the past few months :(. I need to try Devuan again…
90 • Linux init Software (by DAP on 2018-06-21 00:37:46 GMT from United States)
For my use case, I can't see systemd as anything but a straight upgrade over most previous init systems. Things boot faster, the service model is cleaner and the modern distro world has all but entirely moved to it. If people want to use alternatives more power to them, but I'm certainly not going back.
91 • init system software (by R. Cain on 2018-06-21 03:20:22 GMT from United States)
Everyone needs to invest at least a minimal amount of time in understanding what this subject is all about. The least painful, and most eye-opening introduction can be found by simply typing “systemd” into your search engine, and then clicking on the “Wikipedia” option. It seems as though a lot of people have made very firm decisions without being in possession of all the facts and, in a lot of cases, without being in possession of any facts at all--only ill-formed and very personal opinions. The following is a VERY small sampling of what’s available at this site:
From Ted Ts’o, Linux kernel developer, primary developer and maintainer of e2fsprogs, and maintainer for the ext4 file system:
“...A realization that I recently came to while discussing the whole systemd controversy... is that a lot of the fear and uncertainty over systemd may not be so much about systemd, but the fear and loathing over radical changes that have been coming down the pike over the past few years, many of which have been not well documented, and worse, had some truly catastrophic design flaws that were extremely hard to fix...I think one of the reasons why this happens is because +Kay Sievers and +Lennart Poettering often have the same response style to criticisms as the +GNOME developers --- go away, you're clueless, we know better than you, and besides, we have commit privs and you don't, so go away...”,
...and from the Linux Kernel Mailing List(.org)--
"Linus Torvalds--Linux Kernel Mailing List, 2 April 2014.
Re:: Hide “debug” from /proc/cmdline--
“...Key (sic) [Sievers], I'm f*cking tired of the fact that you don't fix problems in the
code *you* write, so that the kernel then has to work around the problems you cause...
...Greg [Kroah-Hartman, Linux kernel developer, maintainer, author, et. al.] - just for your information, I will *not* be merging any code from Kay into the kernel until this constant pattern is fixed...But I'm not willing to merge something where the maintainer is known to not care about bugs and regressions and then forces people in other projects to fix their project. Because I am *not* willing to take patches from people who don't clean up after their problems, and don't admit that it's their problem to fix...
...Kay - one more time: you caused the problem, you need to fix it.
None of this "I can do whatever I want, others have to clean up after me"
crap.
Linus”
********************************************
“Far more crucial than what we know or do not know is what we do not want to know."--Eric Hoffer
92 • systemd : An informative article on linux [dot] com (by Manny Moore on 2018-06-21 03:20:26 GMT from Canada)
Systemd Services: Monitoring Files and Directories
https://www[dot]linux[dot]com/blog/learn/intro-to-linux/2018/6/systemd-services-monitoring-files-and-directories
93 • syestemd may not boot and shutdown at all. (by Manny Moore on 2018-06-21 03:48:34 GMT from Canada)
It might be possible, not a bug that developers over concentrate on monitoring only and systemd will not boot or shutdown at all, or both.
94 • Preferred init software... (by P. McCartney on 2018-06-21 15:44:32 GMT from United States)
As far as init goes, I'm running FreeBSD... (mic drop)!
95 • SysV Preferred Because Systemd Is Broken By Design (by T. Mann on 2018-06-21 18:49:56 GMT from United States)
SysV can easily be setup to be much more reliable and predictable. Systemd is by design overly complex and therefore by design it is more likely to become unstable and could cause catastrophic failures and/or security breaches. This is NOT the way to run an operating system.
96 • Enough about systemd, I can NOT take anymore!!! (by Manny Moore on 2018-06-21 20:05:19 GMT from Canada)
None of this "I can do whatever I want, others have to clean up after me"
Guys enough of systemd, I can take it any more, it pains coz I remain buntu lovers for long time!
You can tell me anytime,
Nonsense that nobody can sense "I can sh*t wherever and whenever I want, others have to clean up after me"
And, my reply would be,
That you can NOT even clean-up your sh*t!
Why do others need to clean-up your sh*t?
You are worse than an animal, even my dog and cat have sense to cover it up theirs.
97 • Preferred init software... (by Manny Moore on 2018-06-21 20:16:08 GMT from Canada)
@ # 94 • Preferred init software...
As far as init goes, I'm running FreeBSD... (mic drop)!
Yeah, I can understand.
Alternatively, you can pick any SysV minimal distro of your choice, strip-out unwanted, spice-up with wanted, and keep and stay with forever. If wanna participate in olympic's marathon you should run on LFS way.
98 • init System Software (by R. Cain on 2018-06-22 01:43:52 GMT from United States)
"...After all, when writing code is your passion, your job and your goal, you don't ever really finish, do you...
...The same can be said of the init systems in Linux, like systemd. In a nutshell, the system should start quickly and get into a working session. We had this in 2010 or so, with boot times down to mere 10 seconds using init. No flaws, no bugs. Even in the commercial sphere, working with init, I do not recall any major problems...
Then, suddenly...for the past five years, [we have] this unstable, half-baked, undebuggable nonsense...the backbone of most Linux distros. The invasive and pervasive nature of the systemd framework has also affected the stability of the user space, the very thing it should never have touched, and pretty much all problems with the quality of the Linux desktop nicely coincide with the introduction of systemd. The development continues, of course, and for no good reason than trying to reach the level of stability, maturity and functionality that we had half a decade ago. Someone landed themselves a lot of monthly pay checks by writing complex code to solve a problem that did not exist..."
(dedoimedo dot com; 'Modern Software Development is Cancer', 17 March, 2017)
Number of Comments: 98
| | |
| Archives |
| • Issue 768 (2018-06-18): Devuan 2.0.0, using pkgsrc to manage software, the NOVA filesystem, OpenBSD handles successful cron output |
| • Issue 767 (2018-06-11): Android-x86 7.1-r1, transferring files over OpenSSH with pipes, LFS with Debian package management, Haiku ports LibreOffice |
| • Issue 766 (2018-06-04): openSUSE 15, overview of file system links, Manjaro updates Pamac, ReactOS builds itself, Bodhi closes forums |
| • Issue 765 (2018-05-28): Pop!_OS 18.04, gathering system information, Haiku unifying ARM builds, Solus resumes control of Budgie |
| • Issue 764 (2018-05-21): DragonFly BSD 5.2.0, Tails works on persistent packages, Ubuntu plans new features, finding services affected by an update |
| • Issue 763 (2018-05-14): Fedora 28, Debian compatibility coming to Chrome OS, malware found in some Snaps, Debian's many flavours |
| • Issue 762 (2018-05-07): TrueOS 18.03, live upgrading Raspbian, Mint plans future releases, HardenedBSD to switch back to OpenSSL |
| • Issue 761 (2018-04-30): Ubuntu 18.04, accessing ZFS snapshots, UBports to run on Librem 5 phones, Slackware makes PulseAudio optional |
| • Issue 760 (2018-04-23): Chakra 2017.10, using systemd to hide files, Netrunner's ARM edition, Debian 10 roadmap, Microsoft develops Linux-based OS |
| • Issue 759 (2018-04-16): Neptune 5.0, building containers with Red Hat, antiX introduces Sid edition, fixing filenames on the command line |
| • Issue 758 (2018-04-09): Sortix 1.0, openSUSE's Transactional Updates, Fedora phasing out Python 2, locating portable packages |
| • Issue 757 (2018-04-02): Gatter Linux 0.8, the UNIX and Linux System Administration Handbook, Red Hat turns 25, super long term support kernels |
| • Issue 756 (2018-03-26): NuTyX 10.0, Neptune supplies Debian users with Plasma 5.12, SolydXK on a Raspberry Pi, SysV init development |
| • Issue 755 (2018-03-19): Learning with ArchMerge and Linux Academy, Librem 5 runs Plasma Mobile, Cinnamon gets performance boost |
| • Issue 754 (2018-03-12): Reviewing Sabayon and Antergos, the growing Linux kernel, BSDs getting CPU bug fixes, Manjaro builds for ARM devices |
| • Issue 753 (2018-03-05): Enso OS 0.2, KDE Plasma 5.12 features, MX Linux prepares new features, interview with MidnightBSD's founder |
| • Issue 752 (2018-02-26): OviOS 2.31, performing off-line upgrades, elementary OS's new installer, UBports gets test devices, Redcore team improves security |
| • Issue 751 (2018-02-19): DietPi 6.1, testing KDE's Plasma Mobile, Nitrux packages AppImage in default install, Solus experiments with Wayland |
| • Issue 750 (2018-02-12): Solus 3, getting Deb packages upstream to Debian, NetBSD security update, elementary OS explores AppCentre changes |
| • Issue 749 (2018-02-05): Freespire 3 and Linspire 7.0, misunderstandings about Wayland, Xorg and Mir, Korora slows release schedule, Red Hat purchases CoreOS |
| • Issue 748 (2018-01-29): siduction 2018.1.0, SolydXK 32-bit editions, building an Ubuntu robot, desktop-friendly Debian options |
| • Issue 747 (2018-01-22): Ubuntu MATE 17.10, recovering open files, creating a new distribution, KDE focusing on Wayland features |
| • Issue 746 (2018-01-15): deepin 15.5, openSUSE's YaST improvements, new Ubuntu 17.10 media, details on Spectre and Meltdown bugs |
| • Issue 745 (2018-01-08): GhostBSD 11.1, Linspire and Freespire return, wide-spread CPU bugs patched, adding AppImage launchers to the application menu |
| • Issue 744 (2018-01-01): MX Linux 17, Ubuntu pulls media over BIOS bug, PureOS gets endorsed by the FSF, openSUSE plays with kernel boot splash screens |
| • Issue 743 (2017-12-18): Daphile 17.09, tools for rescuing files, Fedora Modular Server delayed, Sparky adds ARM support, Slax to better support wireless networking |
| • Issue 742 (2017-12-11): heads 0.3.1, improvements coming to Tails, Void tutorials, Ubuntu phasing out Python 2, manipulating images from the command line |
| • Issue 741 (2017-12-04): Pop!_OS 17.10, openSUSE Tumbleweed snapshots, installing Q4OS on a Windows partition, using the at command |
| • Issue 740 (2017-11-27): Artix Linux, Unity spin of Ubuntu, Nitrux swaps Snaps for AppImage, getting better battery life on Linux |
| • Issue 739 (2017-11-20): Fedora 27, cross-distro software ports, Ubuntu on Samsung phones, Red Hat supports ARM, Parabola continues 32-bit support |
| • Issue 738 (2017-11-13): SparkyLinux 5.1, rumours about spyware, Slax considers init software, Arch drops 32-bit packages, overview of LineageOS |
| • Issue 737 (2017-11-06): BeeFree OS 18.1.2, quick tips to fix common problems, Slax returning, Solus plans MATE and software management improvements |
| • Issue 736 (2017-10-30): Ubuntu 17.10, "what if" security questions, Linux Mint to support Flatpak, NetBSD kernel memory protection |
| • Issue 735 (2017-10-23): ArchLabs Minimo, building software with Ravenports, WPA security patch, Parabola creates OpenRC spin |
| • Issue 734 (2017-10-16): Star 1.0.1, running the Linux-libre kernel, Ubuntu MATE experiments with snaps, Debian releases new install media, Purism reaches funding goal |
| • Issue 733 (2017-10-09): KaOS 2017.09, 32-bit prematurely obsoleted, Qubes security features, IPFire updates Apache |
| • Issue 732 (2017-10-02): ClonOS, reducing Snap package size, Ubuntu dropping 32-bit Desktop, partitioning disks for ZFS |
| • Issue 731 (2017-09-25): BackSlash Linux Olaf, W3C adding DRM to web standards, Wayland support arrives in Mir, Debian experimenting with AppArmor |
| • Issue 730 (2017-09-18): Mageia 6, running a completely free OS, HAMMER2 file system in DragonFly BSD's installer, Manjaro to ship pre-installed on laptops |
| • Issue 729 (2017-09-11): Parabola GNU/Linux-libre, running Plex Media Server on a Raspberry Pi, Tails feature roadmap, a cross-platform ports build system |
| • Issue 728 (2017-09-04): Nitrux 1.0.2, SUSE creates new community repository, remote desktop tools for GNOME on Wayland, using Void source packages |
| • Issue 727 (2017-08-28): Cucumber Linux 1.0, using Flatpak vs Snap, GNOME previews Settings panel, SUSE reaffirms commitment to Btrfs |
| • Issue 726 (2017-08-21): Redcore Linux 1706, Solus adds Snap support, KaOS getting hardened kernel, rolling releases and BSD |
| • Issue 725 (2017-08-14): openSUSE 42.3, Debian considers Flatpak for backports, changes coming to Ubuntu 17.10, the state of gaming on Linux |
| • Issue 724 (2017-08-07): SwagArch 2017.06, Myths about Unity, Mir and Ubuntu Touch, Manjaro OpenRC becomes its own distro, Debian debates future of live ISOs |
| • Issue 723 (2017-07-31): UBOS 11, transferring packages between systems, Ubuntu MATE's HUD, GNUstep releases first update in seven years |
| • Issue 722 (2017-07-24): Calculate Linux 17.6, logging sudo usage, Remix OS discontinued, interview with Chris Lamb, Debian 9.1 released |
| • Issue 721 (2017-07-17): Fedora 26, finding source based distributions, installing DragonFly BSD using Orca, Yunit packages ported to Ubuntu 16.04 |
| • Issue 720 (2017-07-10): Peppermint OS 8, gathering system information with osquery, new features coming to openSUSE, Tails fixes networking bug |
| • Issue 719 (2017-07-03): Manjaro 17.0.2, tracking ISO files, Ubuntu MATE unveils new features, Qubes tests Admin API, Fedora's Atomic Host gets new life cycle |
| • Issue 718 (2017-06-26): Debian 9, support for older hardware, Debian updates live media, Ubuntu's new networking tool, openSUSE gains MP3 support |
| • Issue 717 (2017-06-19): SharkLinux, combining commands in the shell, Debian 9 flavours released, OpenBSD improving kernel security, UBports releases first OTA update |
| • Full list of all issues |
| Random Distribution | 
Cobind Desktop
Cobind was a software company based in Pittsburgh, USA, whose mission was to simplify the creation of custom Linux distributions to promote the presence of open source technology in the mass market. Based on Fedora Core Linux, Cobind Desktop marries XFce and Nautilus into a cohesive desktop experience featuring Mozilla Firefox and Mozilla Thunderbird. Simple, fast, and familiar, it was the Linux desktop experience built with the typical user in mind. Cobind Desktop was available as an installation CD-ROM or live CD-ROM.
Status: Discontinued
|
| Linux Training |
|
|
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
